The Debate of the Single Currency Concept Essay Example Essay Example

The Debate of the Single Currency Concept Essay Example Paper The Debate of the Single Currency Concept Essay Introduction The Euro contention is seriously passionate. While on the one manus Trichet depicts the Euro as â€Å" [ T ] he coronating achievement of the individual market † ( 2001, p.7 ) , others accept that the Euro is nil not exactly an alliance to make a ( unethical behavior ) European super-state. There can be no vulnerability this is an of import issue, curiously in the United Kingdom given its specialists ‘s â€Å" certainly perhaps † positions on the Euro. Thus this paper will see the Euro request with impossible to miss notice to the UK. To begin with, it will see the announcements for and against the UK come ining the Eurozone. Segment 2 lays the right foundation by portraying a concise history of the Euro. Area 3 so portrays the commended five preliminaries set by Gordon Brown to empower an assurance upon the irritated request of whether Britain should fall in the Euro. Segment 4 thinks about the political features of the contention, which this creator sees as the existent issue in this contention. Segment 5 analyzes life outside the Euro, and its findings for the UK. At last, region 6 draws choices on the Euro contention. The Debate of the Single Currency Concept Essay Body Paragraphs The course to the Euro started in the Maastricht Treaty [ 1991 ] , which settled upon a typical money. The so British specialists ( Major ‘s preservationist specialists ) , in any case, was significantly questioning about this, considering monetary to be as a measure towards federalism. England consequently arranged a quit proviso ( as did Denmark ) . Maastricht run into inconveniences ( prominently, dismissal in the Danish choice ) , however in spite of this the Euro-piece of machinery moved inflexibly frontward, venturing out from goal to world. An European Central Bank was built up in Frankfurt. What's more, in 1999 the Euro turned into the national cash of the greater part of EU areas. 3. Earthy colored ‘s Five Trials The Debate of the Single Currency Concept The Debate of the Single Currency Concept The Debate of the Single Currency Concept In 1997 Gordon Brown, the British Chancellor, set out a progression of five preliminaries, intended to empower an assurance upon the irritated request of whether Britain should fall in the Euro. These preliminaries give a reasonable answer: â€Å" distinctly, conceivably. â€Å" These preliminaries are, premier, regardless of whether there can be maintainable combination among Britain and the monetary frameworks of an individual money ; also, whether there is adequate flexibleness to get by with financial change ; thirdly, the outcome on contributing ; fourthly, the effect on our financial administrations overall ; and fifthly, whether it is useful for work. ( 1997 ) 3.1. Intermingling This preliminary inquired as to whether the UK ‘s financial framework was adequately concurrent with the rest of Europe ( possibly the Chancellor recalled Black Wednesday ) . It was non met in 1997, and flopped again in 2003. As Schwartz remarked: Giving up its ain monetary arrangement to be ad ministered by EU financial strategy will open it to association rate movements that are non suitable to its monetary situation and can inundate it into downturn. ( 2000, p.68 ) But albeit one can unquestionably reason there is inadequate union, Howell calls attention to that: â€Å" [ I ] f the UK gives a solid sign that it wishes to fall in a set clasp outline, UK inclusion rates, just like Italy ‘s or Portugal ‘s are probably going to meet towards the core areas. â€Å" ( 2002, p.31 ) 3.2. Adaptability This preliminary plans to break down whether there is adequate flexibleness to land by with financial positions that may rise. This preliminary was non met in 1997, a choice rehashed in 2003. 3.3. Contributing Clearly there are contrasting situations on the outcome of the Euro upon internal contributing. Be that as it may, it was held that this preliminary was met. 3.4. Money related Services The monetary administrations industry has ever been imperative to the UK â₠¬Ëœs financial prosperity, and Brown obviously felt the interest to underscore this. Once more, there is clashing grounds upon the result passage into the Euro would hang on the City. At last however, it was held that this preliminary was met. 3.5. Development, Stability and Employment Brown held that developing, stableness and business must be considered †a preliminary held to be met. With simply three of the five preliminaries met, Brown was non obliged to ask the express its situations on the Euro ; conveniently for Brown, given that conclusion surveys methodicallly show British open disgrace of the Euro. It is obvious, by the by, given that the preliminaries are adequately impalpable to ensure that they can be met, or non, as political convenience requests. Earthy colored has expressed unambiguously that there will be a submission before the Euro is received, expressing: â€Å" [ B ] ecause of the extent of the decisionaë†â ¦ , at whatever point the assurance to enter is taken by Government, it ought to be put to a choice of the British individuals. † ( 1997 ) Therefore, while plainly a choice can non be won, the specialists will guarantee the five preliminaries have non been satisfied, thwarting them from battling an unwinnable choice. In any case, if in the great beyond the electorate is progressively loosened to the Euro, the specialists can express the preliminaries have been met, and keep a choice. 4. The Political Arguments We will compose a custom exposition test on The Debate of the Single Currency Concept Essay Example explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on The Debate of the Single Currency Concept Essay Example explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on The Debate of the Single Currency Concept Essay Example explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer By admiting the interest for a choice Brown sidelong alludes to the existent issue: the political feature of the assurance. The assurance will venture out to the chest of a region ‘s sway †albeit Brown denies this: If an individual cash would be useful for British occupations, British concern and future flourishing, it is directly in rule to fall in. The sacred issue is a factor in the assurance, yet it is non an overruling one. Or maybe, it implies that, all together for monetary fraternity to be directly for Britain, the financial advantage ought to be clear and unambiguous. [ emphasize included ] ( 1997 ) But these protected issues can non be cleared off so promptly. As Gamble territories, â€Å" the financial occasion without anyone else will ne’er be definitive or unequivocal. It is the political pick that matters. â€Å" ( 2000, p.4 ) Joining the Euro is enduring. It takes off, everlastingly, one feature of a region ‘s independency. This is no little i ssue, and it ought to non be treated as one. While a territory stays outside the Eurozone, its alternatives stay loosened. Section will, needfully, confine its choices. Once in it would be exceptionally hard ( and legally far fetched ) to go forward. Further, there can be no vulnerability that the basic cash is a move towards a government region for, as Issing calls attention to, an individual money is utilized as a â€Å" pace-setter towards political integrationaë†â ¦ † ( 1996, p.20 ) This may, of class, be no awful thing. One Euro hero ( who, strikingly for a professional Euro creator, recognizes its significant political effect ) recommends that fall ining the Euro would plan association: â€Å" [ a ] cultural vote based Europeaë†â ¦ , an exchange fellowship Europeaë†â ¦ , a residents ‘ Europe † ( Gamble, 2000, pp.4-24 ) Ultimately, the issue of whether or non to fall in the Euro will ever be political. As Jones brings up, authoritiess are politic al presences: â€Å" Governments respect the pick for monetary incorporating from a self-intrigued rather than a caring position. Their solidification is abstract rather than objective. â€Å" ( 2002, p.4 ) It is totally conceivable to gracefully a strong case for fall ining the Euro. Similarly, a persuading example for remaining outside the Eurozone can be made. At last, the existent assurance is political, non financial. It must, all things considered, be stressed that whether or non the United Kingdom enters the Eurozone, a pick is as yet being made. Inertia is here each piece positive a go about as action. As Huhne calls attention to: â€Å" Britain can non just pick out and pretend that nil is go oning. † ( 2001, p.96 ) There is no basic answer to this request. It is a political request that keeps on resonating in Westminster. 5. Life Outside the Euro: A Lucky Escape or an Opportunity Missed? At the point when regions consent to the European Union, they are expressly tolerating the full natural structure of European statute, the acquis communitaire. They are, henceforth, tolerating that when their monetary framework satisfies the Euro ‘s needs, they will fall in the Euro. So as to make this, they will require to fall in the Exchange Rate Mechanism for a two twelvemonth period, and keep up their conversion scale inside the ERM ‘s limits. After this, they will go individuals from the Eurozone. The chart underneath clarifies this method. Combination of the AC into the monetary fraternity through the ERM-II ( Krawczyk, 2004, p.3 ) Phase I Phase II ( at any rate two mature ages ) Phase III EU promotion and the ERM II rank Convergence evaluation and ( at long last ) following the Euro The increase territories do non hold a flat out plan for fall ining the Euro zone. Be that as it may, in cut they will fall in it. The Euro, thus, is set to turn. Then, Britain and Den mark hold their â€Å" quit † rights versus the Euro, and Sweden presently can't seem to head out to it. It ought to be noticed that there is some worry about the increase states fall ining the Eurozone. In reality, â€Å" M

Library Automation Essay Example for Free

Library Automation Essay An OPAC (Online Public Access Catalog) is an online book reference of a library assortment that is accessible in specific libraries for the utilization of people in general. With the guide of the Internet, most libraries have made the OPAC open from a server to clients everywhere throughout the world. The OPAC is an online database of materials utilized by a library or gathering of libraries. Clients search the library index basically to find books and different materials truly situated at a library. The idea of OPAC has changed the past framework utilized in many libraries and how the individuals have obtained entrance for data and materials. OPAC is likewise the way to discovering books and different materials in the library. At the point when you are searching for a book you will locate that knowing to utilize OPAC appropriately will assist you with finding the materials that you need. There are a great deal of points of interest of OPAC. To utilize the OPAC framework is simple. An individual doesn't need to be a talented PC client to utilize the framework. What the individual need is simply to comprehend what a PC mouse is, can utilize it to point and snap, is only all the PC aptitude an individual needs. The passageways or search abilities are by utilizing catchphrase, subject, creator or title to discover the materials. It is anything but difficult to use since the clients simply need to enter passage so as to find any materials in the library. Along these lines, understudies can discover books and materials required without any problem. It will likewise spare their time. By utilizing this framework, the materials that we need to discover will become moment data. In addition, by utilizing the OPAC, the understudies can discover increasingly nitty gritty data about the materials that they need. Accordingly, if the understudies discover the books by composing the author’s name in the OPAC framework, the data that perhaps will show up on the screen are what number of volume the books have or what number of number of that books the library have. Other than that, the understudies can discover some new information about innovation and present day development.

50 Things

50 Things Dear Class of 2010, This will be my last entry written specifically for you; beginning with the launch of our new site in early September, Ill begin focusing on the future class of 2011. I hope that you guys wont be strangers; stay in touch either in person (come visit us!) or online (please drop by the blogs from time to time and say hi). As you begin your college experience, and I prepare for my 10-year college reunion, I thought Id leave you with the things that, in retrospect, I think are important as you navigate the next four years. I hope that some of them are helpful. Here goes Your friends will change a lot over the next four years. Let them. Call someone you love back home a few times a week, even if just for a few minutes. In college more than ever before, songs will attach themselves to memories. Every month or two, make a mix cd, mp3 folder, whatever just make sure you keep copies of these songs. Ten years out, theyll be as effective as a journal in taking you back to your favorite moments. Take naps in the middle of the afternoon with reckless abandon. Adjust your schedule around when you are most productive and creative. If youre nocturnal and do your best work late at night, embrace that. It may be the only time in your life when you can. If you write your best papers the night before they are due, dont let people tell you that you should be more organized or that you should plan better. Different things work for different people. Personally, I worked best under pressure so I always procrastinated and always kicked ass (which annoyed my friends to no end). ;-) Use the freedom that comes with not having grades first semester to experiment and see what works best for you. At least a few times in your college career, do something fun and irresponsible when you should be studying. The night before my freshman year psych final, my roommate somehow scored front row seats to the Indigo Girls at a venue 2 hours away. I didnt do so well on the final, but I havent thought about psych since 1993. Ive thought about the experience of going to that show (with the guy who is now my sons godfather) at least once a month ever since. Become friends with your favorite professors. Recognize that they can learn from you too in fact, thats part of the reason they chose to be professors. Carve out an hour every single day to be alone. (Sleeping doesnt count.) Go on dates. Dont feel like every date has to turn into a relationship. Dont date someone your roommate has been in a relationship with. When your friends parents visit, include them. Youll get free food, etc., and youll help them to feel like theyre cool, hangin with the hip college kids. In the first month of college, send a hand-written letter to someone who made college possible for you and describe your adventures thus far. It will mean a lot to him/her now, and it will mean a lot to you in ten years when he/she shows it to you. Embrace the differences between you and your classmates. Always be asking yourself, what can I learn from this person? More of your education will come from this than from any classroom. All-nighters are entirely overrated. For those of you who have come to college in a long-distance relationship with someone from high school: despite what many will tell you, it can work. The key is to not let your relationship interfere with your college experience. If you dont want to date anyone else, thats totally fine! Whats not fine, however, is missing out on a lot of defining experiences because youre on the phone with your boyfriend/girlfriend for three hours every day. Working things out between friends is best done in person, not over email. (IM does not count as in person.) Often someones facial expressions will tell you more than his/her words. Take risks. Dont be afraid of (or excited by) the co-ed bathrooms. The thrill is over in about 2 seconds. Wednesday is the middle of the week; therefore on wednesday night the week is more than half over. You should celebrate accordingly. (It makes thursday and friday a lot more fun.) Welcome failure into your lives. Its how we grow. What matters is not that you failed, but that you recovered. Take some classes that have nothing to do with your major(s), purely for the fun of it. Its important to think about the future, but its more important to be present in the now. You wont get the most out of college if you think of it as a stepping stone. When youre living on a college campus with 400 things going on every second of every day, watching TV is pretty much a waste of your time and a waste of your parents money. If youre going to watch, watch with friends so at least you can call it a valuable social experience. Dont be afraid to fall in love. When it happens, dont take it for granted. Celebrate it, but dont let it define your college experience. Much of the time you once had for pleasure reading is going to disappear. Keep a list of the books you would have read had you had the time, so that you can start reading them when you graduate. Things that seem like the end of the world really do become funny with a little time and distance. Knowing this, forget the embarassment and skip to the good part. Every once in awhile, there will come an especially powerful moment when you can actually feel that an experience has changed who you are. Embrace these, even if they are painful. No matter what your political or religious beliefs, be open-minded. Youre going to be challenged over the next four years in ways you cant imagine, across all fronts. You cant learn if youre closed off. If you need to get a job, find something that you actually enjoy. Just because its work doesnt mean it has to suck. Dont always lead. Its good to follow sometimes. Take a lot of pictures. One of my major regrets in life is that I didnt take more pictures in college. My excuse was the cost of film and processing. Digital cameras are cheap and you have plenty of hard drive space, so you have no excuse. Your health and safety are more important than anything. Ask for help. Often. Half of you will be in the bottom half of your class at any given moment. Way more than half of you will be in the bottom half of your class at some point in the next four years. Get used to it. In ten years very few of you will look as good as you do right now, so secretly revel in how hot you are before its too late. In the long run, where you go to college doesnt matter as much as what you do with the opportunities youre given there. The MIT name on your resume wont mean much if thats the only thing on your resume. As a student here, you will have access to a variety of unique opportunities that no one else will ever have dont waste them. On the flip side, dont try to do everything. Balance = well-being. Make perspective a priority. If youre too close to something to have good perspective, rely on your friends to help you. Eat badly sometimes. Its the last time in your life when you can do this without feeling guilty about it. Make a complete ass of yourself at least once, preferably more. It builds character. Wash your sheets more than once a year. Trust me on this one. If you are in a relationship and none of your friends want to hang out with you and your significant other, pay attention. They usually know better than you do. Dont be afraid of the weird pizza topping combinations that your new friend from across the country loves. Some of the truly awful ones actually taste pretty good. Expand your horizons. Explore the campus thoroughly. Dont get caught. Life is too short to stick with a course of study that youre no longer excited about. Switch, even if it complicates things. Tattoos are permanent. Be very certain. Dont make fun of prefrosh. That was you like 2 hours ago. Enjoy every second of the next four years. It is impossible to describe how quickly they pass. This is the only time in your lives when your only real responsibility is to learn. Try to remember how lucky you are every day. Be yourself. Create. Inspire, and be inspired. Grow. Laugh. Learn. Love. Welcome to some of the best years of your lives. -B

Beloved Poet, Shel Silverstein - 680 Words

Do you remember reading comical poetry such as The Giving Tree during your childhood? Its author, Shel Silverstein, was one of the most recognizable children’s poets and poetry icons that has ever lived. He holds a household name due to the fact that despite his past he is able to help form a future in language, poetry, and the arts for the innovators of tomorrow. Silverstein’s works captured the essence of a person’s childhood and changed poetry and children’s literature forever. Sheldon Allan Silverstein was not always the literature icon he quickly became in the mid 20th century. Born on September 25, 1930 in Chicago, Illinois during the Great Depression. He was not a very sociable child. His hobbies included drawing cartoons and writing. As a result, his professional drawing and writing career began with cartooning and writing for Playboy Magazine, in 1952. He was also not popular with girls during his teenage year, which motivated him to write more mature poetry in the future about love. Silverstein wanted to reach out to all age groups and express that his talent was not only used for the entertainment of children, but for everyone. Silverstein didn’t write to impress others â€Å"†¦ he did â€Å"hope that people no matter what age, would find something to identify†¦ and experience a personal sense of discovery†.† in his poetry (Shel Silverstein 1999). Silverstein was divorced and had one daughter, who died in her childhood . He served in the armed forces during the 1950’s, andShow MoreRelatedThe Giving Tree by Shel Silverstein1308 Words   |  5 PagesFor example, Shel Silverstein is not only a unique author but quirky and fun, he paints wild pictures through the words of his story and takes his readers on an adventure of a lifetime. By reading and analyzing the work of an author you can connect with not only the work but the author themselves, you gain a better understanding and through this understanding you can connect the piece to your own life. Shel Silverstein once said, â€Å"If you’re a dreamer come on in† (Shel Silverstein Quotes)a quote

Allegory of a Modern Day Cave - 1013 Words

Allegory of the Modern Day Cave â€Å"Plato’s Allegory of the Cave† was the philosophical story of people who lived in this cave, and never left. They were bound to one spot, and could never move. The only light was this fire in the middle of the cave, that was on the other side of a wall that separated the fire from the cave dwellers. There were also other people who carried objects above their heads on the fire side of the wall. This made shadows on the actual cave walls, which were the only things that the bound people knew to be true. One day one of the dwellers got to be freed from his position and was about to make discoveries of a new world. When people have no clue what is going on in the world around them, this is exactly what I got†¦show more content†¦People will believe what they want to believe in a matter of time, and gradual adjusting. This brings me back to my earlier subject of gay rights. Right now, there are people in our country that strongly do not support gay rights. I honestly believe that this is because the idea of people being comfortable with homosexuality is a generally new concept. I think that in a matter of time more and more people will be comfortable with the idea. As of right now it still is at the stage of someone discovering â€Å"the light† and trying to persuade the rest of the â€Å"cave dwellers† that there is something out there besides the shadows that are in front of them. On the other side, there is still the possibility of remission back to the non-socially acceptable ideas. It would be like the man going back down into the cave, â€Å"his eyes – coming suddenly out of the sun like that – [being] filled with darkness.†6 A remission is almost bound to happen if we can’t find â€Å"the light† to our problems. We need toShow MoreRelated The Cave and the Matrix Essay993 Words   |  4 PagesThe Cave and the Matrix Movie critics and philosophers alike agree that the movie â€Å"The Matrix† is indeed based upon certain Platonic themes from Book VII of The Republic. In this story entitled The Allegory of the Cave, he describes a dark underground cave where a group of people are sitting in one long row with their backs to the caves entrance. Chained to their chairs from an early age, all the humans can see is the distant cave wall in from of them. The shadows of statues held by unseenRead MoreThe Allegory of the Cave907 Words   |  4 Pagesman follow the law, and how do implications of society affect our behavior. The most interesting topic from the Republic is from Book VII, the allegory of the cave. With the allegory of the cave Plato gives us the power to break the chains that bind us down and leads us to see the light. In the allegory of the cave Plato sets the scene with humans in a cave that have been chained since childhood so they are restricted from moving and looking around the room. These people only see the shadows castedRead MoreComparison of the Matrix and the Allegory of the Cave Essay1240 Words   |  5 PagesThe Matrix and the Allegory of the Cave What if one were living through life completely bound and facing a reality that doesnt even exist? The prisoners in Platos Allegory of the Cave are blind from true reality as well as the people in the movie The Matrix. They are given false images and they accept what their senses are telling them. They believe what they are experiencing is not all that really exists. Plato, the ancient Greek philosopher wrote The Allegory of the Cave, to explain theRead MoreThe Allegory Of The Cave982 Words   |  4 PagesIn Book 7 of Plato’s Republic, The Allegory of the Cave† is a symbolic story of which there are prisoners in a cave with a fire that is located behind them. They have always faced the wall of the cave and have only seen what was outside of the cave from the shadows. They believe that the shadows of the objects carried are real, but in reality, it s just a shadow of the truth. The prisoners play a game where they guess what the shadows are and end up believing that it is the truth. However, whenRead MorePlatos 4 Analogies Of The Republic Analysis1579 Words   |  7 PagesIn Books VI and VII of the The Republic, Plato uses the four analogies to represent his theory of justice in the ideal state. The four analogies include the ship, the sun, the divided line, and the cave. The analogies of the ship, and the cave are used by Plato to represent the people of the state and proving his argument that philosophers are the true rulers of the state. The divided line and the sun analogies also supports Plato’s point about philosophers obtaining intellectual knowledge apposedRead MorePlatos Allegory of the Cave and the Condition of Mankind1147 Words   |  5 Pagesdistinction between truth and knowledge is effectively highlighted in Plato’s allegory of the cave, which illustrates the great limitations faced by philosophers in discovering the ultimate nature of reality. Nevertheless regarding the theory of knowledge, the parable itself is high ly symbolic and asserts that any knowledge gained through perceptual awareness is an illusion and are mere reflections of the highest truths. This allegory can be interpreted in many ways; however in the context of platonic epistemologyRead More Allegory of the Cave vs The Matrix Essay1473 Words   |  6 Pagesfacing a reality that doesn’t even exist. The prisoners in Plato’s â€Å"Allegory of the Cave† are blind from true reality as well as the people in the movie â€Å"The Matrix† written and directed by the Wachowski brothers. They are given false images and they accept what their senses are telling them, and they believe what they are experiencing is all that really exists. Plato the ancient Greek philosopher wrote â€Å"The Allegory of the Cave†, to explain the process of enlightenment and what true reality mayRead MoreThe Allegory of the Cave in the Movie The Matrix Essay1290 Words   |  6 Pagesthe modern day telling of Othello. Sometime s, though, these older themes are not as obvious, especially when they represent complex thoughts first uttered centuries ago. With the focus in recent years on a return to the classics, it should not be surprising to find allusions to our more famous Greek philosophers represented in popular films and shows. Andy and Larry Wachowski’s movie The Matrix shows a strong resemblance in its central theme to that of Plato’s The Allegory of the Cave. Read MoreThe Allegory Of The Cave Essay828 Words   |  4 Pageslifestyle. In today’s modern world, we depend too much on technology. Most of us spend most of the day using our cellphones, playing video games or on our laptop, never taking a glimpse of the world around us. Especially, those who use the whole day to watch television or play video games since they are participating in a fantasy and never realizing they are missing out of reality. Such as Aristotle, a philosopher who is the student of Plato, explains in h is allegory of the cave. In Plato’s RepublicRead MoreThe Allegory of the Cave700 Words   |  3 Pageswrote â€Å"The Allegory of the Cave† in the early 300 B.C. This parable has left many scholars dumbfounded throughout centuries because of the insight Plato fills the pages within the story. It is a story of prisoners trapped in a cave, but specifically about a mans journey from ignorance to knowledge. This is the worldly take on the story—in a biblical point of view it is still a journey from ignorance to knowledge, but in a very different context. The journey from the darkness of the cave into the light

Computers and computer networks Free Essays

Introduction OSI layers 1. Physical – Data unit: bit The Physical Layer defines electrical and physical specifications for devices. It defines the relationship between a device and net, example cable (copper or optical ), pins, hubs, repeaters, network adapters and more. We will write a custom essay sample on Computers and computer networks or any similar topic only for you Order Now 2. Data Link – Data unit: frame The Data Link Layer provides the means to transfer data between network device and to detect and possibly correct errors that may occur in the Physical Layer. 3. Network – Data unit: packet The Network Layer provides the means of transferring data sequences from a host on one network to a destination on a different network, while maintaining the quality of service. 4. Transport – Data unit: segments The Transport Layer provides transfer of data between end users, providing reliable data transfer services to the upper layers. 5. Session – Data unit: data The Session Layer controls the connections between computers. It provides for full-duplex, half-duplex, or simplex operation. 6. Presentation – Data unit: data The Presentation Layer establishes context between Application Layer entities, in which the higher-layer entities may use different syntax and semantics if the presentation service provides a mapping between them. 7. Application – Data unit: data Network process to application The Application Layer is the OSI layer closest to the end user, which means that both the OSI application layer and the user interact directly with the software application. Regenerative repeater Regenerative repeater is a device which regenerates incoming digital signals and then retransmits these signals on an outgoing circuit. This device is useful because signals in twisted pair cable is degrading then moving long distances. If I am correct than after 100 meters signal is degraded beyond repair, so it is necessary to put router, switch or regenerating repeater. Switches and routers are more important than to give a boost to the signal. Their also are more expensive. Repeater uses transport layer. It is different from other components because it is not doing anything difficult. It receives signal, boost it and send it forward. It is used then there is long cable and signal can seriously degrade. Bridge Computer has two different memory types, slow and fast. Fast is managed in upper part of motherboard, and slower – lower part. Both memory managers have special chip where their memory is configured/used accordingly. Between them is bridge. It is very important part which is to ensure computers work. Bridge connects processing memory with storage memory what computer processes could be done. It uses physical layer. It differs from other components because it is just connection between two memory „managersâ€Å". Situation with this component is impossible. It is necessary to computer work. Hub Hub is a device for connecting multiple devices together and making them act as a LAN. It is just like network switch, but this is the older version. The device is a form of multiport repeater. Hubs was before the switches and there are not good enough anymore. Then hub receives a data packet it isn’t send to computer for witch it belongs, but it is send to all computers, whose are connected to computer. The right one takes it, the others ignores it. If two computers send data at the same time, then collision occur. In other words better use switches, hubs are old and not reliable. It is using physical layer. It different from other components because it is used to connect computers and other devices together into network. The availability of low-priced network switches has largely rendered hubs obsolete but they are still seen in older installations and more specialized applications. To pass data through the repeater in a usable fashion from one segment to the next, the packe ts and the Logical Link Control (LLC) protocols must be the same on the each segment. Router A router is a device that chooses path for data packets across computer networks. Network between end-users is a giant net, where all joint spots are routers. ISP routers usually exchange routing information using the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP). Also called a Provider Edge router, is placed at the edge of an ISP network. The router uses External BGP to EBGP protocol routers in other ISPs. This device is different from other because it is created to ensure data packet travel across network. It is considered a network layer device. Charlie and Lola a) Files must be kept in order at all times. Keeping them spread is not good idea because then needed, they can be hard to find around other files there. And desktop is not a place for â€Å"secret† files. C:/Documents and Settings/Charlie/MySecretFiles/TopSecret.odt When he press â€Å"Save As†, it depends where was his last save. When he has to navigate to his â€Å"special† file he have several options. There suppose to be quick buttons which will move directly to My Documents or My Computer. If My Documents is used, then you need to open MySecretFiles folder and than save your file. If My Computer used, then you need to open Local Disk (C:), then Documents and Settings, after that folder Charlie, after that My Documents and finally MySecretFiles. Then you can save your file. I don’t fink what folder MySecretFiles and file TopSecret.odt is so secret after all. When you have something secret don’t call it secret. b) This question is tricky one. It depends where is Mary. Because if he would be on the same LAN than Mary can make his printer accessible through LAN and Charlie would be able to print his file from his home. Just he need to order printing through Mary’s printer. But then anyone could print through that printer. Well Charlie’s out of luck. Mary’s is on other LAN, but that is not a problem. To send file to someone else is not very hard. There is several ways to do it: Skype. This program can be used to talk to someone, to write messages and to send files. E-mail. Using your mail to create new message, you can attach a file and send it with a message. It is secure because email sites like Yahoo uses secure connection. Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS) is a combination of the Hypertext Transfer Protocol with the SSL/TLS protocol to provide encrypted communication and secure identification of a network web server. c) Well the message start from Charlie’s PC to his wireless device, which forwards it to router. Then it will move across network to Mary’s PC. It will use lots of different network protocols: ARP – Address Resolution Protocol RARP – Reverse Address Resolution Protocol L2F – Layer 2 Forwarding Protocol L2TP – Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol LLDP – Link Layer Discovery Protocol MTP – Message Transfer Part IPv6 – Internet Protocol version 6 RIP – Routing Information Protocol NFS – Network File System DNS – Domain Name System FTP – File Transfer Protocol HTTP – Hypertext Transfer Protocol There is a lot more protocols which will be used at some times but there is no way to name them all. Now I explain the main of these. Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) is a version of the Internet Protocol (IP) which was designed to succeed his predecessor Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4). The Internet operates by transferring data packets that are guided across networks as specified by the Internet Protocol. The Domain Name System (DNS) is a naming system built on a database, or any resource connected to the Internet or a private network. Most importantly, it translates domain names known to users into the IP addresses for the purpose of locating and addressing these devices worldwide. File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a standard network protocol used to copy a file from one host to another over a Transmission Control Protocol based network, such as the Internet. The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is a networking protocol for using information systems. HTTP is the foundation of data communication for the World Wide Web. These four protocols is the main ones to let Charlie’s message to reach Mary. The Hypertext Transfer Protocol will enable Charlie to use internet. Domain Name System protocol will found email site Charlie’s using. File Transfer Protocol will ensure files movement from host to host. That can be Charlie to Mary, or Charlie to email site and email site to Mary. Internet Protocol version 6 guides data packets across network. Charlie’s file will newer be send like it is. It will be divine in several (or thousands) data packets and send to destination. d) Lora and Lotta are not hackers. Then it comes to intercept data transfer there three levels of security. Highest level is fiber wire. Light comes through it so to hack it you have to cut it and it will be detected. The middle level of security is twisted pair cable. The little device can be attached to cable and it will read all data coming through. The lowest security is wireless LAN or WLAN, or wireless local area network. When transmission is send through air anyone can access it (with high hacking skills and extremely expensive equipment). Lotta is very good with computers, what about hacking and network. Neither of girls don’t have skills. And normally messages are encrypted due to use of HTTPS. He can also put a password on a file (if possible). Or he can compress file to archive with password (rar, zip, 7z). e) Well first of all Soren Lorensen is IMAGINARY. He can’t do anything. He knows what Lora knows. If he will try to help Lora just keep pressing random buttons he shows and she definitely end up formatting her hard drive. She better have imaginary friend Smarty Hacker. REFERENCES JAVVIN network management security (no date) OSI 7 layers Model of Network Communication [Online]. Available from: http://www.javvin.com/osimodel.html [Accessed 06th April 2011] Internet Society (no date) IPv6 [Online]. Available from: http://www.isoc.org/internet/issues/ipv6.shtml [Accessed 06th April 2011] Webopedia (no date) What is DNS[Online]. Available from: http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/D/DNS.html [Accessed 06th April 2011] Webopedia (no date) What is HTTP[Online]. Available from: http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/H/HTTP.html [Accessed 06th April 2011] About.com Personal Web Pages (no date) FTP – What Is It and How Do I Use It [Online]. Available from: http://personalweb.about.com/od/ftpfileuploadprograms/a/01ftp.htm [Accessed 06th April 2011] How to cite Computers and computer networks, Essay examples

Lesson learned free essay sample

Learning lessons the hard way my mom has always told me to that and education is very important thing to have and dont take it for granted. Sometimes it takes something to go wrong and not In your favor for you to appreciate it. When I first started college as a nursing major I was so excited. Turned in all my work on time and made good grades. I studied all the time and put my school work first. When It came to the second semester of my freshmen year thats when started slacking. Missing class and forgetting about homework assignments.I became more Interested In partying than eventually missing so many days out of my class I recycled a F. And one class after another. Then their was academic probation and after that It was a college dropout. My family was very disappointed. So started working at burger king making runlet wage. We will write a custom essay sample on Lesson learned or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I absolutely hated this Job. It was not what I wanted to do but had to do something If wasnt In school. While working at burger king I came to realize that I had made a big mistake on slacking off In school. Since I was on academic suspension I had to sit out f school a whole year. His full year of sitting out put me so far behind and my goals I had set for myself in the beginning were off track. When the year of my suspension was up I re applied for school. I was accepted but this time I could not receive financial aid. I was so upset. I couldnt afford to pay for school on my own.. I felt like lust giving up on school. After not being able to attend school it made me realize how important it was, and how one mistake can follow you a long way. Two more semesters went by, still working at the same Job that I hated.I decided to reapply for school. Finally admitted and able to receive financial aid. When I received my acceptance letter from Ole Miss I was so surprised and excited. I have learned from this experience. I advice anyone that if you are in school do your best. Turn in all your work and study as much as you can. Partying can wait. You might not always get allowed a second chance like I was. Im truly thankful that I got a second chance at an education and to become a nurse. You never know how important an education is until you u cant get one. Lesson Learned free essay sample An action or judgment that is misguided or wrong. † –Google Dictionary. Everybody makes mistakes. It’s human nature. In most mistakes, there is always good. That is, only if you learn from it. In my situation, I went through a variety of mistakes. Although I do not regret any of them as I would never be where and who I am today. I am happy to say that the mistakes are in the past but the lesson I learned from all of it will never be forgotten. The first mistake I made was lack of judgment. I knew that I was beginning to start to hang out with the wrong crowd. After ignoring numerous signs, including knowing what these people did, I continued to be influenced by them. I never thought it would get to the point of me following in their footsteps, I thought I would be able to control my actions, but unfortunately I proved myself wrong. We will write a custom essay sample on Lesson Learned or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The lesson I have learned from this is to pay attention to what your intuition tells you. If you think you are doing something wrong, or you know it’s bad, then it most likely is. The other mistake was not distancing myself from the bad influences, and unfortunately continuing on to making the decision of shoplifting. From this I have learned that peer pressure is overrated. It’s wrong to pressure anyone into something they don’t want to do, and it’s wrong to give in. At the time, it is hard to realize the positive side of things. Most people only think about what they will think of you and how you will be treated afterwards, and if they’re going to tell others that you’re a â€Å"scaredy cat† or â€Å"chicken†. What it’s hard to see is that in the long run, it doesn’t matter what others think of you. By doing what you think is right, you gain self-respect and by having that, you will gain respect of others. This particular one is very hard to grasp, but I am glad to say I have learned it and will never forget this. I have no one to blame but myself for this wrong doing. We all make decisions for ourselves, maybe sometimes they are heavily influenced but only we have the power to follow through with our own actions. Sometimes it’s hard to break away from the crowd when you know what you are doing is not right. Especially in the moment, but if you build up enough courage, you end up gaining more respect for yourself by doing the right thing. Even though it might not seem like the bad influences appreciate you proving their wrong doing, on the inside, most of them are actually jealous that they can’t do that for themselves. In the song â€Å"Lessons Learned† the lyrics go, â€Å"Theres mistakes that I have made, Some chances I just threw away, Some roads, I never should have taken, Been some signs I didnt see†¦The past cant be rewritten, You get the life youre given, Oh, some pages turned, Some bridges burned, But there were, Lessons learned† –Carrie Underwood. This song basically describes everything that happened, and every time I hear it, I will be reminded of this, and will remember how I am going to move on from this experience and change to become a better person. I do acknowledge that shoplifting is a crime, and I understand the consequences. I will never let this happen again. I am ashamed to say that I have committed the crime, but I am happy that I will be able to put it in the past and move forward with a new perspective and a better attitude about the way I am going to live my life.